Katrina Spade, founder and CEO of Seattle-based Recompose, joins Kim Allchurch Flick for a discussion about her work creating “human composting,” a system that transforms bodies into soil. Spade describes how a personal realization during graduate school led her to design an urban alternative to conventional burial and cremation, combining engineering, biology, and navigation of funeral law. Recompose helped legalize human composting in Washington in 2019 and began public service in 2020, with some soil donated to conservation partners through a land program (e.g., Bells Mountain restoration). She explains the vessel process and that it yields about a cubic yard of soil per person. Spade discusses community support, transportation logistics, the inability to accept embalmed bodies, why Recompose focuses on humans rather than pets, goals for broader adoption, and encouraging families to talk openly about end-of-life plans.
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Time Stamps
00:00 Meet Katrina Spade
00:49 How I Found Recompose
01:47 Origin Story and Thesis
06:02 Community and Legalization
09:22 How Human Composting Works
10:45 Soil Donation Land Program
14:03 Planning and Eligibility
16:31 Pets and Future Expansion
18:48 Travel and Logistics
20:09 Tours and Getting Involved
22:17 Changing Death Care Culture
26:31 Dinner With Grandmothers
27:39 Final Thanks and Wrap Up
Kim Allchurch Flick: Hello everyone and welcome to the Mighty Measure Podcast. This one is super interesting. I’m with Katrina Spade, who is founder and CEO of Recompose. Katrina is a designer who is reimagining the death care experience and the innovator of a system that transformed the dead into soil, also known as human composting.
In 2017, she founded Recomposed, a company based in Seattle, Washington. Recomposed led the successful legalization of human composting in Washington state in 2019 and began providing the service to the public in 2020. We’re gonna talk about until death, do us plant more trees and create more life. Love it.
It’s so great to see you.
Katrina Spade: Thanks for having me.
Kim Allchurch Flick: Indeed. So I wanna tell the audience how I found recompose. It was back in the day when I was on a local social media in like neighborhood social media in southwest Washington. And someone had made a post that there were dead bodies being thrown on Bell’s Mountain.
And I thought, well, that just sounds stupid. So I did some research on it and found out actually what was happening, recompose, and people were donating their soil to Bells Mountain, which had been pretty denuded and had bad soil because of all the clear cutting and things that had happened for decades.
And this is a ray of reclaiming the land and giving life back to Bells Mountain. Then I found recompose and I have just my whole view of what happens after we die has been transformed into something really, really positive and optimistic.
Katrina Spade: I love that.
Kim Allchurch Flick: Yes. I’m glad to have you here. So what have been your journey and inspirations to bring you to this point?
Katrina Spade: My inspiration actually began about, now it’s almost 13 years ago or so. I was in grad school for architecture and I had, my son was young enough then he was like two or three that I could see him aging every day. When they’re little, they grow so fast. So I would wake up in the morning and be like, oh my goodness, kale, you’re look at, you grown up, all grown up from yesterday.
And it occurred to me that I was growing at the same speed. I just didn’t see it as much anymore. And I had one of those like maybe a little bit trite epiphanies. I was like, oh my God, when he’s 40, I’ll be 70 if I live that long. God willing, and I’m gonna die someday. And this was like a backyard kind of personal epiphany.
And so I took that realization to grad school in a design program, and I’m so grateful that was the pathway because that I started looking at, okay, well what would my family do with my body when I died? We’re not religious people. So what, what would happen? And I looked into the options and I was like, I don’t wanna be cremated.
That feels awfully wasteful. And you know what? I don’t wanna be buried in a conventional cemetery. I certainly don’t wanna be embalmed. And so all of that just got me looking at what are the options? Why aren’t there more options? And because I was in this design program. What could I create? And I like, I never thought it was gonna be, this was in 2000 10, 11, 12.
I never thought this will be a business or I’ll really do this or anything. It was just what could I design and use my imagination to create, and so that’s how it really began. And and so my thesis project after a couple years of architecture school was a space for the urban dead, a place in which we would compost our loved ones in cities because I.
Do love the idea of natural burial. And that exists in many places in the United States where you place a body, without a casket and without embalming in the ground and let nature take it back. And I was like very moved by that. I still am today, like moved by that idea, but it occurred to me that you still need a lot of land for that process.
And so composting in some ways. It’s like the city cousin to the country cousin of natural burial. It’s something we can do and we do do here in Seattle, in a building, right, in the city in specialized equipment, and we’re, and yet we’re returning to the earth, just like in, in many ways, similar to how you would in a natural burial.
So, yeah, that’s how it began. I, it was very personal and it was design focused and it, and that, that design aspect has really carried through the whole project.
Kim Allchurch Flick: And it sounds also very strategic and scientific as well as very natural.
Katrina Spade: So true. There’s a lot of rigorous, scientific thinking engineering.
And. Partnering with biology or biological processes that went with it. And then, the third like big piece was then there was all the legal and regulatory aspects and I’m now way more of an expert in funeral law than I thought I would be 10 years ago.
Kim Allchurch Flick: Yeah it’s a big thing to think about and.
Thank you for doing it because I’m very excited. And it also makes me think as a biology major, who just loves thinking of what’s happening in the world. And people like Robin Wall Kimer who are talking about, no more extraction, be reciprocal and thing, dead things are important to life.
Like trees fall, they rotten the ground, they bring the soils healthier because of it. Whale falls are important and they discover that, whaling decimated a lot of the health of the bottom of the ocean because the whale falls weren’t there. So the whole idea of the falling dead is important to life is something that you’re attributing to, which I think is phenomenal.
How do you see the community and around you, and how are people accepting or not accepting this idea?
Katrina Spade: The community is why it became a real thing to, to begin with. Because when I presented this thesis project, it was like the community was my professors my peers, my parents, and they were all nodding, like they were, we were all like laughing a little bit, like compost humans. That is a crazy idea. But also people were like, but yeah, like I could want that for myself. And that’s been the kind of the duality the whole time. It’s like, wait, what? And then, oh, but actually I do want that.
And then over time, like we, we did a, in 2015, I did a Kickstarter and had thousands of people. Contribute money to see if we could get this thing going. And some of those Kickstarter backers are pre composed members today, which means they’ve pre-planned for their future composting with us. And they’re.
Or we’ve met over the years and or we’ve composted their loved ones or we’ve composted them. And so it’s, it really is because of the community that we’ve been able to do this. When we brought the idea to the Washington State legislature in 2019, we had. Funeral directors who were awesome in the community come through and testify.
We had done a pilot project with Washington State University to prove the idea, and one of the best friends of one of the people we composted in that pilot took the stand and explained why this idea was so important to her best friend. We had who had died tragically and who we composted as part of this roof that it could be done.
So that kind of community is like the basis for existence really. And it keeps growing as more and more people hear about the idea, if it’s not for you, that’s okay too. My. Goal in life is to have maybe a dozen different options that people could choose from.
So you could pick something that really resonated for you. But like really before, the most basic options that were available were cremation and then conventional burial. And we have changed that.
Kim Allchurch Flick: And that is so important. And I wrote a blog a few years ago when my mother passed away because my sister and I were looking for a place that.
We just said, do you have any green options? And there was one, but it was really hard to get to and that was acclamation and I hadn’t really heard of in Utah of recompose yet. But looking at the statistics, the amount of carbon and poisons that go into the air and the atmosphere from cremation and just the pure toxins of burials because.
Preservation. It seems so odd not to mention the land use and people’s lives are a little bit different. We don’t always live in a place where we can go visit a deceased loved one. It might be, miles or even countries away. So you’re offering something that’s different. What are the obstacles and challenges that you’re seeing and how are people.
Kind of wrapping their arms around the quantity of, ’cause I’ve heard that the quantity of soil is actually rather large and what’s being done with that? How are people embracing the possibilities with all that lovely soil?
Katrina Spade: The way the process works is we have a vessel that we’ve designed.
It’s a imagine a cylinder on its side that’s about eight feet long and four feet in diameter. And we fill that with a bed of wood chips, alfalfa and straw. And that’s the recipe we’ve developed over years that’s has perfect blend of carbon and nitrogen, the perfect structural kind of. Properties to allow airflow to happen.
And then we place a person’s body on top of that bed of natural materials and cover it with more of the same, so you’re cocooned in that vessel. And then we’re providing oxygen via a fan system to the microbes that begin to do their work right away. And we’re starting with a lot of plant material plus our bodies, at the end of the process, once we’ve composted the plant material and the person together we’ve broken down the bone and reincorporated it and we’ve got this rich, earthy compost. We have about a cubic yard per person, and that is like a big three foot by three foot by three foot box. Imagine that in, or you can think of it as 25 to 30.
Arm full bags like that you would buy at a nursery of top soil. So it’s a lot of soil. If you have 10 acres, it’s very easy to use. If you have a half an acre, it’s very easy to use. But we, I have a great story. When I was, early days before we’d legalized, I was going around and I would talk to different senior living facilities here in Seattle to see was there interest in this idea?
And this one person, I was giving a presentation. What I was trying to do, I was working on the design, I was thinking about how we would legalize it and it, by the way, it would create a cubic yard of soil. And this person raised her hand in the back and she was like, Katrina her name was Linda Wolf.
She said, Katrina, my family does not want a cubic yard of my soil. So what are you going to do about it? And I thought, oh, thanks Linda. That’s a great point. What are we gonna do with soil that people can’t use? And so we’ve created at Recompose what we call the land program, and we partner with nonprofit conservation focused organizations that have land and trust.
And then if a family decides that they wanna donate all or some of that soil, we transport it to the land partner and they use it on projects related to conservation restoration or rewilding. And so most of the families we work with, they take half or a portion of the soil home. They might take three to six bags home for their garden, and then they donate the rest.
And then some families we work with say, you know what? I wanna donate it all. And I really love that because these organizations, they’re run on their own, by staff and volunteers. And their focus is entirely on the land restoration. They’re not cemeteries at all. And they receive, we, we rotate through them.
So you don’t get to choose which one you wanna send it to. This is about if you wanna donate that soil, we will put, we will bring it to the next one in line. And they use it on projects and it’s a beautiful story. They need the nutrients and the biomass and really your, you get to sort of like your molecules get to go to be productive again.
So I love that.
Kim Allchurch Flick: That’s a great quote. Your molecules get to be productive again. That’s. The thing I love about this too, that made me feel so much better about my passing on is that deciding to do this means that, well, first of all, nobody has to worry about making the decision, but second, that there is a chance to do something good in the world after passing on.
And that just, I was, I don’t wanna die. But or not soon, but knowing that at the end it just, it like. I brought a whole bunch of light and joy into the conversation about that, what happens after, and I love what you’re doing about that. What makes you optimistic?
Katrina Spade: What makes me optimistic? I’m just a solutions driven person, so I’m a Virgo.
I think that’s part of it. Maybe seven on the Enneagram if anyone out there cares. I wanna know what the future has in store for us for solutions and they really are everywhere. So that makes me optimistic. The sun coming up makes me optimistic as well. I think I am just generally an optimist,
Kim Allchurch Flick: and I do know people will probably have some questions like, you’re based in Seattle.
What happens if someone’s traveling overseas and they pass away? Or what are some of the ways that you work with people? And one question I had too is, what if someone’s already embalmed and the family wants to switch gears and go to recompose?
Katrina Spade: Yeah, we can’t take someone who’s been embalmed.
Yeah. So we work with folks at all stages of their journey. So like I mentioned, we have a pre composed, which is our prepayment plan and we have people in that membership that are 20 years old all the way up to 95 years old. So that’s when you free-range and you put some money down and you say, I know where I’m going.
And I’ve even got, my plan I’ll put together. So those folks know that they shouldn’t be embalmed after they die and. That’s pretty clear cut. We also work with folks who’ve just gotten a diagnosis, so they may have realized, oh my goodness, my, my time is shorter than I maybe thought before. And we call that the imminent pathway.
A lot of those folks like to come and either on Zoom if they, or if they can come in person to visit recompose, get to know our staff a little bit and get to know the people that will be actually caring for them after they do die. Those folks too are aware like that, that they shouldn’t be embalmed.
And in fact, when they die, their nearest and dearest simply call Recompose. So we are a fully licensed funeral home and we. S collect the person from the place of death and we bring them directly to our facility where everything happens under one roof. So there’s no danger of embalming happening in those cases because you’re gonna simply call us.
And then the third category of people is a death has occurred and their nearest and dearest are looking around saying, what? What should we do next? And. The answer is call recomposed directly. And the same thing can happen. We will, we’ll take care of it from start to finish. So again, there’s no danger of an embalming happen happening, but if an embalming has happened, unfortunately we, we aren’t able to care for that person’s body.
And the reason is that embalming is doing like the polar opposite to what we’re trying to do as we’re embracing natural decomposition and really harnessing it. For the work embalming is meant to slow or even stop the process of natural decomposition.
Kim Allchurch Flick: Indeed. And another question people might have, myself included is, do you see a future for recomposing pets?
Katrina Spade: I love that question. I think someone should do that. Recompose is very focused on humans, and there’s a couple of reasons we can’t do both at the same time. Part of it is just, it takes a lot of work and attention to run a human composting company. But at the same time there’s actually some regulation that you can’t have.
Pets composted under the same roof as humans, which is I think a weird regulation, but that’s, there you have it, but I do think that someone should do that, and in fact, it can be done anywhere. There’s no laws that I know of that say you can’t compost a pet, so you have a much less of a obstacle to get operating than if you’re trying to do humans.
Yeah.
Kim Allchurch Flick: That’s good to know. I have so many more questions. I think this is so innervating and new for people. And yet you’ve been around for a while. What are you seeing in the growth potential and the acceptance, and we covered that a little bit but for the future in terms of states approving human composting and what does the future look like, say five, 10 years down the road?
Katrina Spade: My 30 year goal is for human composting to take over cremation as the most popular form of disposition. That’s a bigger, that’s a bigger goal, a longer term goal. Right now, about 60% of Americans choose to be cremated, and I think they’re doing it by and large because sometimes they think it’s the more environmentally friendly choice, which it is not.
But sometimes it’s just like the default, while I don’t wanna go through all the rigmarole and expense expensive burial, so I’m gonna just have my person cremated, and I would like that to be the default. Choices, I’m gonna have them compost it, of course. But in terms of shorter term goals, recompose does aim to grow beyond Seattle.
About 50% of our clients right now come to us from another state. So there is deep interest and need in other places. And so it’s about recompose. Improving our model in Seattle, getting together the capital in order to grow. But we’re really excited about that. Long term or I should say short term.
Kim Allchurch Flick: I am also, and it’s good to know that traveling is not a hindrance to be able to get to recompose. Questions about that might be how long might it take? Is there a need for refrigeration involved when somebody’s passed, if it’s gonna take some time to get. To the capsule.
Katrina Spade: Yeah. So most commercial airlines fly decedents around underneath.
It’s pretty common that someone would die on vacation and want to fly, need to fly back home. And so it’s actually very common to be sending bodies around You wouldn’t know but on, on a plane. And so it’s, our team is very accustomed to getting a call from another state. Say we get a call from California we work directly with that family.
We organize the transportation, we get them to us. The underneath of a plane is quite cool. And they, we also use simple ice packs in order to make sure the body stays cool to when it gets until it gets to us. When it does get to us, we have cooled storage under our roof on site, so we place a body there until paperwork gets finished by the family, until maybe they’ve decided to have a service or ceremony with us or elsewhere.
So we wanna make sure all that happens before we place ’em in a vessel.
Kim Allchurch Flick: That makes so much sense. How can people help you and how can you be reached?
Katrina Spade: We love to gather folks as part of our community. I think the the best thing to do is first come to our website, which is www.recompose.life.
LIFE come. That’s awesome. Come take a look. Learn about what we do, meet our team. If you’re really excited, you can actually sign up for a tour of our facility on that website. We give tours about once a week and we do virtual tours as well. Lots of ways to get to know recompose in the process.
And then if you’re like, I know this is what I want, then you sign up for pre compose and become a pre compose member. Yeah, if you’re really inspired, we are raising investments, so we are always looking for like the next investor to help us bring this to the next level and talk to your friends and family.
That is a great idea anyway. Like even if you’re like, I want to be embalmed and casketed and placed in a fancy cemetery, you should tell your people that. And if you wanna be composted and that soil, you have a special place in mind for where to use that on your land. You should tell your people that.
Kim Allchurch Flick: Thank you and I can speak from experience because having a mother in memory care, you can see it coming. And to be able to have had those conversations with her before when dementia was starting to, and going through things together and sharing some joys, but having. Ideas about what was wanted and having that time.
And I do say that with empathy for those who are met with a sudden death that’s a different thing. But still knowing that recomposes out there, to me it makes a hard situation feel a little bit brighter. Also, I love the website because it doesn’t look like a funeral home. It is. White and green and just has this brightness to it that feels like comfort, and so I haven’t visited yet.
I’m in the battleground area, but I really love the idea of going up there sometime.
Katrina Spade: Awesome.
Kim Allchurch Flick: Is there anything else you’d like to share with us about the process, but also your philosophies and your optimism?
Katrina Spade: One of the things that’s been such an awesome thing to learn over the years is that recompose isn’t just creating a new disposition option, like a new way to care for the physical body.
Though we have done that and we love, love, love transforming bodies into soil. But we’re also really trying to change the way death care feels on a bigger, broader level, right? And we’re doing some of that now. And you’ve done that with your mom. Like even the small conversations that so many people don’t have and this giving folks more of a sense of agency around the.
Moment of death as well. And the way we do that at recompose, some of how we do that is, for example, if we get a call from a family, a death has just occurred. And we’ve had this happen a few times there in Northern California, say, and they say, I really want my person to come to you.
I’m thinking about is there a way that we could drive them ourselves And our team is. Knowledgeable. And yes, we want to help you do that. If that feels right to you and you wanna get the ice packs together yourself and you wanna rent a minivan we will help walk you through that process and make sure you have that one piece of paper that’s gonna make it a little easier if someone pulls you over on the side of the road.
It’s totally legal, it’s totally doable, but the kind of guidance that you might want and need we wanna provide that to folks and that’s because. When I started looking at the funeral industry as it was back in grad school, part of what I felt was there’s this tendency in that industry to assume a family just can’t.
Be close to the death, can’t care for the body themselves, needs a professional to come and swoop in and take over. And I don’t believe that any of that is true. I think what we want is good guidance. It’s perfectly fine if you say in the end, I do want a professional to swoop in and take over.
We will do that for you too. But you should be able to make that decision. So we love to help folks when they want to transport their own. We’re also always trying to guide people that when the death has occurred, actually it’s not an emergency any longer. Like death itself is not the emergency. Once the death has occurred, it’s okay to take a deep breath.
It’s great to take some time before you even pick up the phone. There’s no real rush to do things. And I think there’s a lot of beautiful analogies between that. Truth and the truth of composting and nature creating soil. But but we love to help folks understand that there’s time and not only that, but there’s value in taking the time.
So that’s some of what we do beyond composting in terms of really trying to change the way we can experience the death.
Kim Allchurch Flick: And it’s so personal. It’s what a beautiful thing to say. And you actually saying death is not an emergency. That’s a quote my husband uses. And he has been an intensive care physician and that’s something he would say throughout his career.
Katrina Spade: Wow.
Kim Allchurch Flick: But also trying to help people if it’s inevitable, to a point where giving the best up to that. And I know historically that death care. Before we came up with all the grandiosity of it, that death care in a lot of cultures was very rooted in land and honoring and things of that nature. It’s delightful to come full circle in a modern way with your innovation.
Thinking about that. So I really hope people catch on. I hope this grows, and I’m really impressed and glad that the nonprofits and the conservation programs are there partnering with you because this really does come to back to the title, soil Health is Imperative for Life. So we’re, we can do something after we die and help something else live.
I just think that’s the greatest thing ever. So I’m very impressed. For the final question, this is about dinner. If you could have dinner with up to three other people living or deceased, who would they be and why?
Katrina Spade: Oh yeah, I would definitely, oof, actually, I would definitely have dinner with both my grandmothers I’ll just leave it there.
I, they’re like, they have weirdly shaped my work. I don’t know, some. Some of it sort of from the beyond. They are both these kind of like super strong women who just didn’t take no for an answer. And sometimes that was by hassling me to come do, hang out with them or something like that.
But I often think about them both hovering somewhere right around me as I try to do something that’s really challenging and. They, neither of them were able to see recompose get off the ground, which, you know that, so I, but I’m certain they would’ve loved it. Slash they’re loving it from wherever they are.
Yeah.
Kim Allchurch Flick: What a beautiful thing to think about. Thank you so much for your time, Katrina you’re really paving the way to a healthier future for the planet. One, one person at a time is they pass on and give of themselves and the families that decide to do that. I know it’s in my future. My family knows it’s in my future, and my husband’s he’s into it too.
I just think it’s so incredible and it’s also transforming an industry, a multimillion dollar industry that. That has kinda shaped our ways of thinking because it’s what the standards have been in, in our culture and thinking of it differently. I really appreciate you shining a light on a new pathway, so to speak.
I’m very pleased. We’ll put quite a few things in the show notes. We’ll put your contact information and I appreciate it very much. Everyone. Thank you so much for listening. Take care. Bye-bye.
This Episode’s Guest: Katrina Spade

Katrina Spade is a designer who is reimagining the death care experience, and the inventor of a system that transforms the dead into soil (aka human composting). In 2017, she founded Recompose, a company based in Seattle, WA. Recompose led the successful legalization of human composting in Washington State in 2019 and began providing the service to the public in 2020.









